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(In Not-for-Profit Educational Guidelines)
Books and Periodicals
Multiple copies (not to exceed in any event more than one copy per student in a course) may be made by or for the teacher giving the course for face-to-face teaching activities, provided that:
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The copying meets the tests of brevity and spontaneity (defined below) and,
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The copying meets the cumulative effect test (defined below) and,
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Each copy includes a notice of copyright.
| Brevity |
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(i) Poetry |
(a) A complete poem if less than 250 words and if printed on not more than two pages or, (b) from a longer poem, an excerpt of not more than 250 words |
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(ii) Prose |
(a) Either a complete article, story, or essay of less than 2,500 words, or (b) an excerpt from any prose work of not more than 1,000 words, or 10% of the work, whichever is less, but in any event a minimum of 500 words |
| (Each of the numerical limits stated in "i" and "ii" above may be expanded to permit the completion of an unfinished line of a poem or of an unfinished prose paragraph.) |
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(iii) Illustration |
One chart, graph, diagram, drawing, cartoon, or picture per book or per periodical issue |
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(iv) "Special"
works |
Certain works in poetry, prose, or in "poetic prose" which often combine language with illustrations and which are intended sometimes for children and at other times for a more general audience fall short of 2,500 words in their entirety. Paragraph "ii" above notwithstanding, such "special works" may not be reproduced in their entirety; however, an excerpt comprising not more than two of the published pages of such special work and containing not more than 10% of the words found in the text, may be reproduced |
| Spontaneity: |
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(i) |
The copying is at the instance and inspiration of the individual teacher, and |
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(ii) |
The inspiration and decision to use the work and the moment of its use for maximum teaching effectiveness are so close in time that it would be unreasonable to expect a timely reply to a request for permission. |
| Cumulative Effect: |
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(i) |
The copying of the material is for only one course in the College. |
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(ii) |
Not more than one short poem, article, essay or two excerpts may be copied from the same author, nor more than three from the same collective work or periodical volume during one semester. |
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(iii) |
There shall not be more than nine instances of such multiple copying for one course during one semester. |
Examples of permissible copying might be:
An instructor requests 27 copies of a one-page excerpt (approximately 450 words) of a book to distribute to students in a class for inclusion in individual notebooks. (Each student receives a free copy which has the copyright notice printed on it).
An instructor requests that 23 copies of a diagram in a book. The diagram shows a comparison of the human eye with a camera, and the copies will be distributed to the students in order to enable them to visualize the similarities.
NOTICE OF COPYRIGHT
The Copyright Law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Under certain conditions specified by law, libraries and archives are authorized to furnish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these specified conditions is that the photocopy or reproduction is not to be "used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research". If a user makes a request for, or later uses, a photocopy or reproduction for purposes in excess of "fair use", that user may be liable for copyright infringement.
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