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INTRODUCTION. Something becomes copyrighted when it is fixed in a medium. For example, when a photograph is taken, a letter or email written or typed, a poem, short story, or novel created, or a web page designed......these are fixed in a medium. The copyright symbol (©) does NOT have to be present for the item to be copyrighted. By creating a work, an individual has copyrighted it.
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RIGHTS PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT:
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Reproduction of the work |
In any form |
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Distribution of copies |
Only the copyright holder may sell, lease, or give away copies. |
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Adaptation into a new form |
Including digitizing print, visual, or audio formats. |
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Performance of the work |
This includes musical presentations, pantomimes, movies, audiovisual formats, pictures and graphs, recitations, dances, plays, and television and radio broadcasts. |
| Public displays |
The public showing of a copyrighted work either directly or by means of a film, slide, television image, or other device or process prior to the sale of the work. |
| Derivative works |
Examples of derivative works include making a novel into a motion picture; digitizing an image or text; a teacher's manual; recording a musical composition; an abridgment or translation; turning a story into a ballet. |
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COPYRIGHT TERM: |
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Single author |
The life of the author plus 95 years; |
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Corporate or anonymous works |
120 years from date of creation or 95 years from date of first publication, whichever comes first; |
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Multi-author works
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The life of the last living author plus 70 years, or a term of 120 years from the year of its creation, whichever expires first. |
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Copyright Law, Title 17, U. S. Code, is the law of the land and it is to our advantage, as educators, students, and citizens, to follow its provisions. This handbook defines the fair-use guidelines for materials for educational purposes.
Copyright questions may be directed to the department chair or PCC Library Services director. |
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