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COURSE SYLLABUS

EMS 233 EMT-P Medical Emergencies

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5.9 UNIT TERMINAL OBJECTIVE

5-9 At the completion of this unit, the paramedic student will be able to integrate the pathophysiological principles of the hematopoietic system to formulate a field impression and implement a treatment plan.

At the completion to this unit, the paramedic student will be able to:

5-9.1 Identify the anatomy of the hematopoietic system. (C-1)

5-9.2 Describe volume and volume-control related to the hematopoietic system. (C-1)

5-9.3 Identify and describe the blood-forming organs. (C-1)

5-9.4 Describe normal red blood cell (RBC) production, function and destruction. (C-1)

5-9.5 Explain the significance of the hematocrit with respect to red cell size and number. (C-1)

5-9.6 Explain the correlation of the RBC count, hematocrit and hemoglobin values. (C-1)

5-9.7 Define anemia. (C-1)

5-9.8 Describe normal white blood cell (WBC) production, function and destruction. (C-1)

5-9.9 Identify the characteristics of the inflammatory process. (C-1)

5-9.10 Identify the difference between cellular and humoral immunity. (C-1)

5-9.11 Identify alterations in immunologic response. (C-1)

5-9.12 Describe the number, normal function, types and life span of leukocytes. (C-1)

5-9.13 List the leukocyte disorders. (C-1)

5-9.14 Describe platelets with respect to normal function, life span and numbers. (C-1)

5-9.15 Describe the components of the hemostatic mechanism. (C-1)

5-9.16 Describe the function of coagulation factors, platelets and blood vessels necessary for normal coagulation. (C-1)

5-9.17 Describe the intrinsic and extrinsic clotting systems with respect to identification of factor deficiencies in each stage. (C-3)

5-9.18 Identify blood groups. (C-1)

5-9.19 Describe how acquired factor deficiencies may occur. (C-3)

5-9.20 Define fibrinolysis. (C-1)

5-9.21 Identify the components of physical assessment as they relate to the hematologic system. (C-1)

5-9.22 Describe the pathology and clinical manifestations and prognosis associated with: (C-3)

• Anemia
• Leukemia
• Lymphomas
• Polycythemia
• Disseminated intravascular coagulopathy
• Hemophilia
• Sickle cell disease
• Multiple myeloma

5-9.23 Integrate pathophysiological principles into the assessment of a patient with hematologic disease. (C-3 )

At the completion of this unit, the paramedic student will be able to:

5-9.24 Value the sense of urgency for initial assessment and interventions for patients with hematologic crises.

At the completion of this unit, the paramedic student will be able to:

5-9.25 Perform an assessment of the patient with hematologic disorder. ( P-1)

5.10 UNIT TERMINAL OBJECTIVE

5-10 At the completion of this unit, the paramedic student will be able to integrate pathophysiological principles and assessment findings to formulate a field impression and implement the treatment plan for the patient with an environmentally induced or exacerbated medical or traumatic condition.

At the completion of this unit, the paramedic student will be able to:

5-10.1 Define "environmental emergency." (C-1)

5-10.2 Describe the incidence, morbidity and mortality associated with environmental emergencies. (C-1)

5-10.3 Identify risk factors most predisposing to environmental emergencies. (C-1)

5-10.4 Identify environmental factors that may cause illness or exacerbate a preexisting illness. (C-1)

5-10.5 Identify environmental factors that may complicate treatment or transport decisions. (C-1)

5-10.6 List the principal types of environmental illnesses. (C-1)

5-10.7 Define "homeostasis" and relate the concept to environmental influences. (C-1)

5-10.8 Identify normal, critically high and critically low body temperatures. (C-1)

5-10.9 Describe several methods of temperature monitoring. (C-1)

5-10.10 Identify the components of the body’s thermoregulatory mechanism. (C-1)

5-10.11 Describe the general process of thermal regulation, including substances used and wastes generated. (C-1)

5-10.12 Describe the body’s compensatory process for over heating. (C-1)

5-10.13 Describe the body’s compensatory process for excess heat loss. (C-1)

5-10.14 List the common forms of heat and cold disorders. (C-1)

5-10.15 List the common predisposing factors associated with heat and cold disorders. (C-1)

5-10.16 List the common preventative measures associated with heat and cold disorders. (C-1)

5-10.17 Integrate the pathophysiological principles and complicating factors common to environmental emergencies and discuss differentiating features between emergent and urgent presentations. (C-3)

5-10.18 Define heat illness. (C-1)

5-10.19 Describe the pathophysiology of heat illness. (C-1)

5-10.20 Identify signs and symptoms of heat illness. (C-1)

5-10.21 List the predisposing factors for heat illness. (C-1)

5-10.22 List measures to prevent heat illness. (C-1)

5-10.23 Discuss the symptomatic variations presented in progressive heat disorders. (C-1)

5-10.24 Relate symptomatic findings to the commonly used terms: heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heatstroke. (C-3)

5-10.25 Correlate the abnormal findings in assessment with their clinical significance in the patient with heat illness. (C-3)

5-10.26 Describe the contribution of dehydration to the development of heat disorders. (C-1)

5-10.27 Describe the differences between classical and exertional heatstroke. (C-1)

5-10.28 Define fever and discuss its pathophysiologic mechanism. (C-1)

5-10.29 Identify the fundamental thermoregulatory difference between fever and heatstroke. (C-1)

5-10.30 Discuss how one may differentiate between fever and heatstroke. (C-1)

5-10.31 Discuss the role of fluid therapy in the treatment of heat disorders. (C-1)

5-10.32 Differentiate among the various treatments and interventions in the management of heat disorders. (C-3)

5-10.33 Integrate the pathophysiological principles and the assessment findings to formulate a field impression and implement a treatment plan for the patient who has dehydration, heat exhaustion, or heatstroke. (C-3)

5-10.34 Define hypothermia. (C-1)

5-10.35 Describe the pathophysiology of hypothermia. (C-1)

5-10.36 List predisposing factors for hypothermia. (C-1)

5-10.37 List measures to prevent hypothermia. (C-1)

5-10.38 Identify differences between mild and severe hypothermia. (C-1)

5-10.39 Describe differences between chronic and acute hypothermia. (C-1)

5-10.40 List signs and symptoms of hypothermia. (C-1)

5-10.41 Correlate abnormal findings in assessment with their clinical significance in the patient with hypothermia. (C-3)

5-10.42 Discuss the impact of severe hypothermia on standard BCLS and ACLS algorithms and transport considerations. (C-1)

5-10.43 Integrate pathophysiological principles and the assessment findings to formulate a field impression and implement a treatment plan for the patient who has either mild or severe hypothermia. (C-3)

5-10.44 Define frostbite. (C-1)

5-10.45 Define superficial frostbite (frostnip). (C-1)

5-10.46 Differentiate between superficial frostbite and deep frostbite. (C-3)

5-10.47 List predisposing factors for frostbite. (C-1)

5-10.48 List measures to prevent frostbite. (C-1)

5-10.49 Correlate abnormal findings in assessment with their clinical significance in the patient with frostbite. (C-3)

5-10.50 Differentiate among the various treatments and interventions in the management of frostbite. (C-3)

5-10.51 Integrate pathophysiological principles and the assessment findings to formulate a field impression and implement a treatment plan for the patient with superficial or deep frostbite. (C-3)

5-10.52 Define near-drowning. (C-1)

5-10.53 Describe the pathophysiology of near-drowning. (C-1)

5-10.54 List signs and symptoms of near-drowning. (C-1)

5-10.55 Describe the lack of significance of fresh versus saltwater immersion, as it relates to near-drowning. (C-3)

5-10.56 Discuss the incidence of "wet" versus "dry" drownings and the differences in their management. (C-3)

5-10.57 Discuss the complications and protective role of hypothermia in the context of near-drowning. (C-1)

5-10.58 Correlate the abnormal findings in assessment with the clinical significance in the patient with near-drowning. (C-3)

5-10.59 Differentiate among the various treatments and interventions in the management of near-drowning. (C-3)

5-10.60 Integrate pathophysiological principles and assessment findings to formulate a field impression and implement a treatment plan for the near-drowning patient. (C-3)

5-10.61 Define self contained underwater breathing apparatus (SCUBA). (C-1)

5-10.62 Describe the laws of gasses and relate them to diving emergencies. (C-1)

5-10.63 Describe the pathophysiology of diving emergencies. (C-1)

5-10.64 Define decompression illness (DCI). (C-1)

5-10.65 Identify the various forms of DCI. (C-1)

5-10.66 Identify the various conditions that may result from pulmonary over-pressure accidents. (C-1)

5-10.67 Differentiate between the various diving emergencies. (C-3)

5-10.68 List signs and symptoms of diving emergencies. (C-1)

5-10.69 Correlate abnormal findings in assessment with their clinical significance in the patient with a diving related illness. (C-3)

5-10.70 Describe the function of the Divers Alert Network (DAN) and how its members may aid in the management of diving related illnesses. (C-1)

5-10.71 Differentiate among the various treatments and interventions for the management of diving accidents. (C-3)

5-10.72 Describe the specific function and benefit of hyperbaric oxygen therapy for the management of diving accidents. (C-1)

5-10.73 Integrate pathophysiological principles and assessment findings to formulate a field impression and implement a management plan for the patient who has had a diving accident. (C-3)

5-10.74 Define altitude illness. (C-1)

5-10.75 Describe the application of gas laws to altitude illness. (C-2)

5-10.76 Describe the etiology and epidemiology of altitude illness. (C-1)

5-10.77 List predisposing factors for altitude illness. (C-1)

5-10.78 List measures to prevent altitude illness. (C-1)

5-10.79 Define acute mountain sickness (AMS). (C-1)

5-10.80 Define high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE). (C-1)

5-10.81 Define high altitude cerebral edema (HACE). (C-1)

5-10.82 Discuss the symptomatic variations presented in progressive altitude illnesses. (C-1)

5-10.83 List signs and symptoms of altitude illnesses. (C-1)

5-10.84 Correlate abnormal findings in assessment with their clinical significance in the patient with altitude illness. (C-3)

5-10.85 Discuss the pharmacology appropriate for the treatment of altitude illnesses. (C-1)

5-10.86 Differentiate among the various treatments and interventions for the management of altitude illness. (C-3)

5-10.87 Integrate pathophysiological principles and assessment findings to formulate a field impression and implement a treatment plan for the patient who has altitude illness. (C-1)

5-10.88 Integrate the pathophysiological principles of the patient affected by an environmental emergency. (C-3)

5-10.89 Differentiate between environmental emergencies based on assessment findings. (C-3)

5-10.90 Correlate abnormal findings in the assessment with their clinical significance in the patient affected by an environmental emergency. (C-3)

5-10.91 Develop a patient management plan based on the field impression of the patient affected by an environmental emergency. (C-3)